Steels containing sufficient concentrations of silicon tend to form a low melting-temperature oxide called fayalite, which then penetrates both the steel and any other oxide to form a mechanical key. Routine de-scaling operations as a consequence fail to remove all traces of FeO which remains attached to the final product, and oxidises to form a red oxide blemish on the surface. The formation of oxides is investigated both experimentally and by developing a new theory which permits the simultaneous formation of a variety of oxides which compete to establish the final oxide structure. The theory forms the basis for studying the evolution of oxide scales as a function of silicon concentration.
Ironmaking and Steelmaking 39 (2012) 599--604.
Envelope | Coefficients | Filling welds | Hot | Delta |
Satoh | FSW maps | Powder metallurgy | Solidification | X80 pipes |
Mixed | Creep | Extraordinary ductility | Problems | Mechanical stabilisation |
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