Refractories for Steelmaking

H. K. D. H. Bhadeshia

Photographs taken at the Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.



It would no be possible to make steel without these ceramics


This is a ceramic plug to stop the flow of steel


Alumina and carbon


A visit to the State Key Ceramics Laboratory. This is a gate for pouring steel


Magnesium oxide and carbon


Many people know that steelmaking involves blowing gas from the bottom of the ladle, through molten steel


The lower part is a cross section. The gas enters through thin slits, then through the porous ceramic and bubbles into the steel


The oter side of the gate






Another composite ceramic




This is insulating ceramic






Different kind of insulating ceramic




Shows the development of earing in deep-drawn steel due to anisotropic properties


TRIP steels Titanium Bainite Martensite Widmanstätten ferrite
Cast iron Welding Allotriomorphic ferrite Movies Slides
Neural Networks Creep Mechanicallly Alloyed Theses Retained Austenite

PT Group Home Materials Algorithms