Mössbauer Spectroscopy of Low Temperature Bainite
P. Bruna, T. Pradell, D. Crespo, C. Garcia-Mateo and H. K. D. H. Bhadeshia
Abstract
Low-temperature bainite, obtained by the transformation of austenite at temperatures as low as 200°C for times as large as several days, has been reported to have extraordinary mechanical properties including the highest reported hardness of any bainitic steel. The unusual properties are a consequence of the fine scale of the microstructure, which contains bainite plates with thickness in the range 20-40 nm. The microstructure also contains carbon-enriched retained austenite which contributes to the properties via a number of mechanisms. In this work, the microstructure of a high carbon bainitic steel with Si to avoid cementite precipitation and Co to accelerate the transformation has been studied using Mössbauer spectroscopy for a series of samples transformed isothermally at 200°C for time periods of 26, 34 and 96 hours. The total austenite content is almost identical (~13 wt%) for these samples although the carbon concentrations of the phases differ as a function of transformation time. The austenite increases its carbon content from 5.4 atomic % after 26 h transformation to 6.3 at.% after 96 h, while the final bainitic phase retains about 2.2 at.% of C. These results are consistent with data obtained using atom probe tomography for samples transformed isothermally for 12 days.
Industrial Applications of the Mössbauer Effect, eds M. Garcia, J. F. Marco, F. Plazaola, American Insitute of Physics, 2005, pp. 338-343
Download PDF file of paper.
Related Papers
-
"Hard Bainite"
ISIJ International, Vol. 43 (2003) 1238-1243.
C. Garcia Mateo, F. G. Caballero and H.K.D.H. Bhadeshia
-
"Effect of Plastic Deformation on the Formation of Acicular Ferrite"
Materials Science and Engineering A, Vol. 360A, 2003, 249-257.
C. H. Lee, H. K. D. H. Bhadeshia and H.-C. Lee
-
"Acceleration of Low-Temperature Bainite"
ISIJ International, Vol. 43 (2003) 1821-1825..
C. Garcia Mateo, F. G. Caballero and H.K.D.H. Bhadeshia
-
"Three-Dimensional Atom Probe Analysis of Carbon Distribution in Low-Temperature Bainite"
Scripta Materialia, Vol. 50, 2004, 1277-1281.
M. Peet, S. S. Babu, M. K. Miller and H. K. D. H. Bhadeshia
-
"Developments in Martensitic and Bainitic Steels: Role of The Shape Deformation"
Materials Science and Engineering A, Vol. 378A, 2004, pp. 34-39.
H. K. D. H. Bhadeshia
-
"Nucleation Theory for High-Carbon Bainite"
Materials Science and Engineering A, Vol. 378A, 2004, pp. 289-292.
C. Garcia-Mateo and H. K. D. H. Bhadeshia
-
"Tempering of a Hard Mixture of Bainitic Ferrite and Austenite"
Materials Science and Technology, Vol. 20, 2004, 814-818.
C. Garcia-Mateo, M. Peet, F. G. Caballero and H. K. D. H. Bhadeshia
-
"Large Chunks of Very Strong Steel"
Millenium Steel, Vol. 5, 2004, 25-28.
Also published in Spanish; Metalurgia e Materiais, 61 (2005) 106-109. Translated by Professor Fernando Rizzo.
H. K. D. H. Bhadeshia
-
"Kinetics of the Bainite Transformation"
Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Vol. A460, 2004, 1710-1722.
H. Matsuda and H. K. D. H. Bhadeshia
-
"Bainite formation influenced by large stress"
Materials Science and Technology, Vol. 20, 2004, 1499-1505.
K. Hase, C. Garcia-Mateo and H. K. D. H. Bhadeshia
-
"Effect of 30 Tesla Magnetic Field on Transformations in a Novel Bainitic Steel"
Scripta Materialia, Vol. 52, 2004, pp. 461-466.
R. A. Jaramillo, S. S. Babu, G. M. Ludtka, R. A. Kisner, J. B. Wilgen, G.
Mackiewicz-Ludtka, D. M. Nicholson, S. M. Kelly, M. Murugananth and H.
K. D. H. Bhadeshia
-
"Very Strong Bainite"
Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science, Vol. 8, 2005, pp. 251-257.
F. G. Caballero and H. K. D. H. Bhadeshia
 |
 |